Nonetheless, there is a bounty of research that tries to figure out what kinds of techniques help with learning and memory and a surprising one —testing— has been shown to be very beneficial.
尽管如此,还是有大量的研究试着找出哪一种技巧能够帮助学习和记忆,结果一个令人惊讶的结果出现在人们眼前——考试——能够带来跟大很大帮助。
结果显示,对被测试的文章内容的记忆,明显比学习过两次的文章内容的记忆效果好。比如,如果你参加了这次实验,并且在有关黑洞和人类心脏的文章上参加过一次测试,同时只是对犰狳和海啸的文章进行了第二次学习,但在最终的测试中,你在涉及到的黑洞和人类心脏(在最终测试之前参加过一次考试的文章)方面的问题表现的更好一些,而在涉及到犰狳和海啸的两篇文章的题目上表现得不是那么好。值得一提的是,在实验的间隙,还要求学习者避免学习材料(比如,如果他们必须两天之后参加最终考试,他们在这段期间不学习就意味着考试带来的好处与他们发现错处和温习材料无关,实际上只与之前考试的检索信息有关)。同样,考试的重要性与年龄组无关。每个人都从考试中获益,并且这些益处两天之后马上就能显现出来。
So what does this all mean? Testing actually helps you remember things more than staring at a piece of paper and rereading the information does and definitely more than osmosis does (sorry!). Perhaps instead of staring at a piece of paper and rereading the title several times, I should have tried to quiz myself about the title. Then, I would have been much more likely to remember it.
所以,这所有的一切有什么意义呢?实际上,考试能帮助你记忆更多的东西,比一开始阅读一页然后再阅读一遍记忆的内容多,也比耳濡目染的方式记忆的内容多(很抱歉我这样说!)。那么,也许我应该试着用标题自测的方式来代替先读一遍再读几遍的记忆方式。
So, even though the idea of taking a test may make your palms sweat or may even make you want to fake having a terrible and rare (but temporary) illness, give it a try.
所以,即使参加考试可能会使你掌心出汗,甚至你很想装病,想假装患有一些疑难杂症(当然是暂时的),但是也去尝试一下吧。
Also, if you quiz yourself, you don’t have to show anyone your grade! You can just reap the benefits of a well-deserved memory.
同样的,如果你对自己进行检测,你也不必将你的成绩告诉任何人!你只是获得了你应得的记忆。